Impact of radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer on bladder function as demonstrated on urodynamics study: A systematic review

Authors

  • Henry Han-I Yao Vesia (Alberta Bladder Centre), Calgary, Alberta, Canada
  • Venetia Hoe Department of Urology, Western Health, Melbourne, Australia
  • Samer Shamout Vesia [Alberta Bladder Centre], Calgary, Alberta, Canada
  • Shomik Sengupta Eastern Health Clinical School, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia
  • Helen E. O'Connell Department of Urology, Western Health, Melbourne, Australia
  • Kevin V. Carlson Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
  • Richard J. Baverstock Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.7265

Keywords:

Radiotherapy, Prostatic neoplasms, Urodynamics, Detrusor overactivity, Bladder outlet obstruction

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to describe the effects of bladder function following radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer by performing a systematic review on studies reporting on urodynamic findings after radiotherapy.

Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The review protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021229037). A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and OVID Embase. Studies were included if they involved men who underwent urodynamic studies following radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. A total of 798 articles were screened and five articles included. A qualitative analysis was performed.

Results: Bladder compliance appears to be impaired following radiotherapy, especially with longer followup. Impaired bladder compliance was reported in 18.8–62.5% of patients following radiotherapy. Bladder capacity was found to be statistically significantly lower following radiotherapy compared to pre-radiotherapy, and when compared with patients who did not undergo pelvic radiotherapy. Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) persists post-radiotherapy in most patients at three and 18 months post-radiotherapy. De novo detrusor overactivity (DO) of 13.3% has been reported at 18 months post-radiotherapy. This review is limited by the absence of level I/II studies.

Conclusions: Radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer results in decreased bladder compliance and capacity demonstrated on urodynamic studies. Resolution of BOO appears less likely in comparison to series on radical prostatectomy. De novo DO may develop following radiotherapy, especially with longer followup. With only low level of evidence studies available at present, further high-quality, prospective studies are important to elucidate the impact of radiotherapy on bladder and urethral function.

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Published

2021-06-22

How to Cite

Yao, H. H.-I., Hoe, V., Shamout, S., Sengupta, S., O’Connell, H. E., Carlson, K. V., & Baverstock, R. J. (2021). Impact of radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer on bladder function as demonstrated on urodynamics study: A systematic review. Canadian Urological Association Journal, 15(12), E664–71. https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.7265

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 12 (2021): CUAJ December

Section

Review

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