Prediction of prostate cancer by deep learning with multilayer artificial neural network

Authors

  • Takumi Takeuchi Department of Urology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, 1-1 Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-8510, Japan
  • Mami Hattori-Kato Department of Urology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, 1-1 Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-8510, Japan
  • Yumiko Okuno Department of Urology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, 1-1 Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-8510, Japan
  • Satoshi Iwai Department of Medical Informatics and Economics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
  • Koji Mikami Department of Urology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, 1-1 Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-8510, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.5526

Keywords:

prostate cancer, artificial neural network, prostate biopsy

Abstract

Introduction: To predict the rate of prostate cancer detection on prostate biopsy more accurately, the performance of deep learning using a multilayer artificial neural network was investigated.

Methods: A total of 334 patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging before ultrasonography guided transrectal 12-core prostate biopsy were enrolled in the analysis. Twenty-two non-selected variables, as well as selected ones by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression analysis and by stepwise logistic regression analysis, were input into the constructed multilayer artificial neural network (ANN) programs; 232 patients were used as training cases of ANN programs and the remaining 102 patients were for the test to output the probability of prostate cancer existence, accuracy of prostate cancer prediction, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with the learned model.

Results: With any prostate cancer objective variable, Lasso and stepwise regression analyses selected 12 and nine explanatory variables, respectively, from 22. Using trained ANNs with multiple hidden layers, the accuracy of predicting any prostate cancer in test samples was about 5–10% higher compared to that with logistic regression analysis (LR). The area under the curves (AUC) with multilayer ANN were significantly larger on inputting variables that were selected by the stepwise LR compared with the AUC with LR. The ANN had a higher net benefit than LR between prostate cancer probability cutoff values of 0.38 and 0.6.

Conclusions: ANN accurately predicted prostate cancer without biopsy marginally better than LR. However, for clinical application, ANN performance may still need improvement.

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Published

2018-10-15

How to Cite

Takeuchi, T., Hattori-Kato, M., Okuno, Y., Iwai, S., & Mikami, K. (2018). Prediction of prostate cancer by deep learning with multilayer artificial neural network. Canadian Urological Association Journal, 13(5). https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.5526

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 5 (2019): CUAJ May

Section

Original Research

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