TY - JOUR AU - Xiao, Jing AU - Wang, Xiangyu AU - Li, Jun AU - Wang, Miaomiao AU - Han, Tiandong AU - Zhang, Caixiang AU - Du, Yuan AU - Hao, Gangyue AU - Tian, Ye PY - 2018/08/30 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Treatment of upper urinary tract stones with flexible ureteroscopy in children JF - Canadian Urological Association Journal JA - CUAJ VL - 13 IS - 3 SE - Original Research DO - 10.5489/cuaj.5283 UR - https://cuaj.ca/index.php/journal/article/view/5283 SP - AB - <p><strong>Introduction:</strong> This single-centre, retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) combined with holmium laser lithotripsy in treating children with upper urinary tract stones.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> From June 2014 to October 2015, a total of 100 children (74 boys and 26 girls) with upper urinary tract stones were treated using FURS. A 4.7 Fr double-J stent was placed two weeks before operation. Patients were considered stone-free when the absence of residual fragments was observed on imaging studies. The preoperative, operative, and postoperative data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 100 pediatric patients with a mean age of 3.51±1.82 years underwent 131 FURS and holmium laser lithotripsy. Mean stone diameter was 1.49±0.92 cm. Average operation time was 30.8 minutes (range 15–60). The laser power was controlled between 18 and 32 W, and the energy maintained between 0.6 and 0.8 J at any time; laser frequency was controlled between 30 and 40 Hz. Complications were observed in 69 (69.0 %) patients and classified according to the Clavien system. Postoperative hematuria (Clavien I) occurred in 64 (64.0 %) patients. Postoperative urinary tract infection with fever (Clavien II) was observed in 8/113 (7.1%) patients. No ureteral perforation and mucosa avulsion occurred. The overall stone-free rate of single operation was 89/100 (89%). Stone diameter and staghorn calculi were significantly associated with stone-free rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> FURS and holmium laser lithotripsy is effective and safe in treating children with upper urinary tract stones.</p> ER -